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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2017  |  Volume : 7  |  Issue : 1  |  Page : 7-12

Does midazolam produce retrograde amnesia in surgical patients?


Department of Anesthesia, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Saidu Yusuf Yakubu
Department of Anesthesia, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika, Zaria
Nigeria
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/ais.ais_6_17

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Background: Midazolam is the commonest benzodiazepine used in anesthesia for premedication, induction, and maintenance of anesthesia. The popularity of midazolam in many clinical situations is because of its rapid onset, nonpainful injection, lack of venous irritation, and production of anterograde amnesia. This study was to determine whether or not immediate retrograde amnesia can be produced with intravenous midazolam and to elicit the extent of amnesia seen in adult patients given midazolam at induction. Patients and Methods: Eighty consenting American Society of Anesthesiology I and II patients between the ages of 18 and 60 years scheduled for nonmajor elective surgical procedures under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to one of four study groups: m2 (midazolam 2 mg), m5 (midazolam 5 mg), m7 (midazolam 7 mg), or m0 (normal saline). Visual recognition and recall was tested using 12 picture cards, each with an easily recognizable image. Results: Recognition and recall rates did not differ between the groups up to the time of drug injection. However, there was a deterioration in visual recall (P < 0.001), orientation in time and event recollection (P < 0.001), and mean sedation score (P < 0.001) on administration of study drug when compared with control. There was a statistically significant anterograde amnesia for pictures seen after administration of midazolam (P = 0.000). There was no evidence of retrograde amnesia (P > 0.3). Conclusion: Intravenous midazolam does not cause retrograde amnesia, however, it causes anterograde amnesia based on dose administered.


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